Make A Spoke Wheel Tubeless

A tubeless tire will not pinch flat, no matter the terrain.

Tubeless tires on spoked bicycle wheels are becoming popular with mountain bikers, who value them for their resistance to pinch flats and their ability to be used with low tire pressure. Many wheel manufacturers now make tubeless-ready wheels, which can be used with tubeless tires without any modifications to the rims. There are also several methods to convert older wheels to be used with tubeless tires. This practice is popular among many cyclists who want to use tubeless tires without spending money on new wheels.

Instructions

1. Remove your tire and tube from the wheel. Deflate the tire by pressing down on the inner tube's valve, then slip the blunt end of the tire lever under the bead of the tire and wrench it upwards. Do this for the circumference of the tire, until the bead is removed for the rim. You may need to use two tire levers. Then, repeat the removal process for the other side. The tire and tube should come off the rim together.

2. Look at the rim strip of your wheel. Wheels of differing widths require different techniques to seal the inner bed of the rim. If you have a narrow rim, such as the Mavic XC717, 517 or 317, remove the cloth or rubber rim strip from the wheel with your hands, then tightly wrap the plastic rim tape so it completely covers the inside of the rim and the valve holes. With wider rims, such as those on downhill bikes, you can leave the existing cloth or rubber rim strip.

3. Install the tubeless rim strip. With your hands, stretch the rim strip over the rim, placing the tubeless valve through the valve hole first. Make sure the rim strip is even all the way around the rim. It should not be twisted in any way, and should cover both sides of the rim and slide under the bead at the top edge of the rim.

Tags: tubeless tires, used with, cloth rubber, cloth rubber strip, from wheel, rubber strip

Recycle Your Old Analog Television Set After The Digital Switchover

Recycle Your Old Analog Television Set After the Digital Switchover

The anticipated broadcasting switch from analog to digital is finally here. Though you can request $40 coupons from the Federal Government to use toward the purchase of a digital converter box, many people are choosing to purchase a beautiful new high-definition digital television (HDTV). This means millions of old analog televisions may end up in the landfill. In this article, you'll learn get rid of your old TV in an eco-friendly way.

Instructions

1. Why Recycle My Old TV? The very worst thing you can do with your old analog television is toss it in the dumpster. Older TVs have that heavy lead shielding around the CRT to protect you from radiation when you're watching TV. But when that TV goes to the landfill, the lead (known to cause nervous system damage) leaches out into the environment. For this reason, many states and municipalities have banned the dumping of televisions into landfills. This is where recycling comes into play.

2. Telecommunications Industry Association's E-cycling Central. TIA's E-cycling Central website allows you to click on your state to see electronics recycling events and locations where you can drop off your old analog TV. Just point your web browser to http://www.eiae.org for more information.

3. Earth911.com. The quickest and easiest way to find locations that will accept your used TV for recycling is Earth911.com. Just point your web browser to http://earth911.com/electronics, type TV in the field to the right of Start Recycling, type your zip code in the next field, and click the GO button. A list of organizations and retailers where you can take your old analog TV displays.

4. Consumer Electronic Association's myGreenElectronics.org. myGreenElectronics.org is a great resource for locating a place to drop off your old analog TV. Simply point your web browser to http://www.mygreenelectronics.org, type your zip code into the Find Recycling field on the left of your screen, and click the GO button to view a list of organizations who will recycle your used analog TV.

5. Ecyclingtools.com. Though it's geared mainly toward businesses, ecyclingtools.com's website provides valuable information on recycle computers and electronics. Just point your web browser to http://www.ecyclingtools.com/recycle and click on your state to view organizations who will accept your used analog TV.

6. Goodwill Industries International. You can donate your used analog TV to Goodwill. From Goodwill's website: "Some local Goodwills train workers to refurbish and de-manufacture equipment and resell systems and components, thereby avoiding high disposal costs. Contact your local Goodwill to find out what types of electronic equipment may be donated." Point your web browser to http://goodwill.org for more information.

7. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The EPA is a great resource to get you started on your way to recycling your old analog TV. Just point your web browser to http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/materials/ecycling/donate.htm to go to the EPA's e-cycling page. Here, you can view a comprehensive list of programs, retailers, and manufacturers that offer recycling services not just for TVs but also for a range of other electronics.

Tags: browser http, your browser, your browser http, point your, point your browser, your analog

Ez Go Golf Cart Information

EZ GO golf carts make playing a round of golf much less strenuous. They contain space to carry golf clubs, and they make golf rounds much quicker by eliminating the need to walk through the entire course.

Types

EZ GO offers golf carts not only for golfers, but for different golf course employee operations as well. Carts for turf maintenance, food and beverage, and hospitality are all available for golf course staff.

Versions

Golfers can purchase EZ GO carts in electric or gas powered versions. Electric carts are better for the environment while gas powered carts are capable of more speed and power.

Parts

Gas powered EZ GO golf carts feature 13 horsepower engines made by Kawasaki, while electric carts sport a regenerative braking system and AC drive.

Customization

All EZ GO golf carts can be customized to the golfer's specifications. Colors and accessories are all variable based on the golfer's desire.

Uses

Aside from golfing, EZ GO carts can also be used to travel short distances. Using a golf cart rather than a car will save money in gas and have less of a negative environmental impact.

Tags: golf carts, golf course

Change The Primary Oil On An Hd Street Glide

Your Harley-Davidson Street Glide depends on three separate oil types to transfer power from the v-twin motor to the pavement: engine oil, primary oil and transmission oil. While changing the engine oil is a basic motorcycle maintenance skill, many new Harley-Davidson riders are often left in the dark when it comes to changing the primary oil. Fortunately, the process is fairly simple, requiring only a few tools and a minimal time investment.

Instructions

1. Locate the oil drain plug and place your oil catch basin below it. The plug is placed under the left side of the motor, just below the primary "derby" cover.

2. Remove the primary drain plug with a Torx 40 socket attached to a socket wrench and allow the primary oil to drain.

3. Inspect the primary drain plug o-ring for damage, replacing the o-ring if necessary. Wipe away any metal shavings that may be attached to the plug's magnetic tip with a clean rag. Set the drain plug aside.

4. Remove the primary inspection cover, which is a rectangular-shaped panel located just before the derby cover. Remove the gasket from the primary inspection cover and discard.

5. Replace the primary drain plug, tightening it snugly against the primary cover.

6. Add primary oil into the primary by pouring it through the primary inspection port. This will take a maximum of 1 quart of primary oil. Do not overfill.

7. Place a new gasket on the primary inspection cover before re-installing.

8. Wipe away any spilled oil and dispose of used primary oil properly.

Tags: drain plug, primary drain, primary inspection, inspection cover, primary drain plug, primary inspection cover

Redeem Providian Visa Rewards Points

Redeem Providian Visa Rewards Points

The Visa Rewards program on Providian credit cards can be a great way for you to pick up some gifts for simply using your credit card as you typically would. Typically each purchase you make using your credit card earns you one points, making it easy to gather quite a few if you use your credit card often If you've finally started to accrue a substantial amount of points, redeeming them and getting a reward is extremely simple to do.

Instructions

1. Check your points balance (located on your last credit card statement) to find out how many points you have to redeem.

2. Request a reward catalog from Providian, or log-on to your credit cards site and browse the available options.

3. Select the item you wish to redeem your point for from the catalog or online and note the item number for your selection.

4. Fill out the redemption form with your name and address as well as your rewards membership number so they know where to deduct the points from.

5. Submit the form online or mail the form in to the appropriate address, making sure to include any money required for shipping and handling of your items.

Tags: credit card, your credit, Visa Rewards, your credit card, credit cards

Install A Harley Hypercharger

The Kuryakyn Hypercharger is a high-flow air cleaner designed to look like a velocity stack or a supercharger. Trap doors on the front of the air cleaner open and close as you open and close the throttle. You will have less leg room with the Hypercharger installed on your Harley than with a stock air cleaner. But even detractors agree that the Hypercharger is a beautiful accessory. Kuryakyn claims that the Hypercharger will add seven horsepower to your Harley over a stock air cleaner.

Instructions

1. Remove your air cleaner cover with an Allen wrench.

2. Remove the air cleaner assembly with Torx sockets or drivers. Remove the breather tubes by hand. Remove the air cleaner backing plate with a socket wrench and hex socket.

3. Close the petcock. Start your Harley and run it until the carburetor is out of gas.

4. Mark the throttle cables with masking tape and disconnect them from the throttle cam. Disconnect the fuel line where it enters the carburetor. Disconnect the enricher from the left side of the Harley.

5. Pull the carburetor from the black rubber exhaust manifold boot by hand.

6. Cut a 1-1/2-inch section of vacuum hose from the hose included with your Hypercharger kit. Assemble the vacuum T included with your kit to form a vacuum line assembly, which will replace your original breather tubes.

7. Install the vacuum hose assembly on your carburetor as shown in your Hypercharger kit.

8. Reinstall the carburetor in the intake manifold boot. Reconnect the throttle cables and the fuel line. Reconnect the enricher to the left side of the motorcycle.

9. Attach the chrome carburetor support bracket to the mouth of the carburetor with the hollow bolts and cup washer included in the kit. Sandwich the intake gasket between the carburetor and the support bracket and tighten the bolts.

10. Assemble the rubber boot assembly included with your Hypercharger as shown in the kit. Snap the breather boots in the assembly over the cup washers.

11. Remove the round trap door in the Hypercharger with a 1/8-inch Allen wrench. Insert three 1/4-inch socket head cap screws through the mounting holes in the Hypercharger from the inside. Remove the adhesive backing from one of the intake gaskets and place it over the three mounting screws.

12. Sandwich the intake gasket between the breather manifold and support bracket. Position the Hypercharger over the breather manifold and bolt the Hypercharger securely to the carburetor support bracket/ breather manifold assembly.

13. Replace the trap door and gasket.

14. Plug the vacuum hose assembly into the vacuum pod air jet on the back of the Hypercharger.

Tags: support bracket, breather manifold, carburetor support, carburetor support bracket, included with

Check The Transmission Oil In A 1995 Harley Sportster 883

Keeping a watchful eye on the fluids that lubricate the various moving parts in the motor and transmission is a critical part of maintaining your 1995 Harley-Davidson 883 Sportster. Checking the motor oil is done simply by taking a reading from the oil tank's dipstick. Inspecting the transmission fluid is a bit more involved, requiring you to open the primary housing on the left side of the motor. It may sound complicated, but the task is easy enough that it should become a part of your regular maintenance routine.

Instructions

1. Place the motorcycle on a stand or lift to support it in an upright position. If necessary, secure the motorcycle to the stand with tie-down straps to prevent it from falling over.

2. Unscrew the six bolts from the primary housing's round clutch inspection cover, or derby cover, on the left side of the motor. Pull the derby cover off of the primary housing and set it aside.

3. Look into the primary housing through the derby cover port. The transmission fluid should be level with the bottom edge of the clutch assembly in the primary housing. Take note of the color and condition of the fluid. If the fluid is dark brown or is filled with debris, change the transmission fluid immediately.

4. Add fresh transmission fluid as necessary to increase the fluid level in the primary housing. Use a funnel to pour fresh transmission fluid into the primary until the fluid is level with the bottom edge of the clutch assembly.

5. Place the derby cover onto the primary housing and insert a bolt into the cover's top hole. Screw the bolt in until it is seated lightly against the cover. Insert the remaining bolts, again tightening the bolts lightly. Using a torque wrench, tighten all six bolts to 84 foot-pounds, alternating between bolts in a six-pointed star pattern.

6. Remove the motorcycle from the stand or lift and lower it onto its kickstand.

Tags: primary housing, transmission fluid, derby cover, bottom edge, bottom edge clutch

Align A Belt On A Harleydavidson

X3N belts are hygroscopic and will contract in length due to water retention.

Harley-Davidson drive belts have been made of several different types of composite materials over the years. Belts up until 1999 were made from Aramid fibers, a form of Kevlar. Belts made in 2000 and later used carbon fiber strands, increasing their strength and longevity, but decreasing their twist and flex factors. In 1994 Harley, in conjunction with the Gates Co., formed a special team to create a better, longer lasting belt design. All belts produced in 2000 and after use this new formula. All 2000 models and beyond -- except touring models -- are now fitted with a 1 1/8" X3N belt.

Instructions

1. X3N use carbon fiber cords which are stronger, but more sensitive to twisting and crimping.

Locate the rear cotter pin in the axle bolt and remove it with the needle-nose pliers. Loosen the rear axle nut with the 1-inch socket and socket wrench.

2. The belt should no longer stretch after 2,500 miles, allowing it to stay in adjustment longer.

Turn the axle adjuster nuts -- on each side of rear fork -- clockwise to increase belt deflection (increase tension), or counterclockwise to increase belt deflection (decrease tension).

3. A belt should be reinstalled in the same direction as it came off.

Turn each adjuster nut exactly the same number of turns in order to maintain alignment of rear wheel.

4. Any cuts, tears or fraying near the edge of the belt could compromise its integrity, causing a safety hazard.

Check rear wheel alignment. the wheel must be centered -- zero lateral offset -- between rear fork tubes, and wheel axle must be perpendicular to rear fork tubes.

5. Like a drive chain, reversing belt direction can cause premature wear.

Belt tension should be 9/16 inch to 11/16 inch when measured with the Belt Tension Gauge. Tighten the axle nut to 60 to 65 foot-pounds of torque with a torque wrench. Install the cotter pin.

Tags: rear fork, belt deflection, belt should, carbon fiber, fork tubes, increase belt

Identifying Marks Of Old German Beer Steins

Bottom of the Stein

Identifying old German beer steins requires a keen eye. The first thing that you have to look for is a Made in Germany label on the bottom of the stein. Most imitations have Made in China or Made in Taiwan labels on them. An authentic German beer stein will always have a Made in Germany label, so beware of any steins that don't have any mark at all. The mark may say Gemacht in Deutschland, which means Made in Germany. Some steins may also have the artist's name or the company's name that manufactured the stein.

Lid of the Stein

Old German beer steins usually feature metal lids. The lid is usually ornately decorated with something that complements the painting on the stein. In most cases, the inside of the lid is lighter than the outside of the lid. This is because the inside of the stein generally oxidizes slower than the outside since it is better protected from the elements. The exception to this rule is that if the stein is displayed open, the inside and outside may look the same. In that case, both the inside and the outside will appear dark.

Interior of the Stein

Look at the inside of the stein while holding it up to sunlight. German beer steins will have a lithophane on the bottom. However, the presence of a lithopane doesn't mean it is an old stein. If the picture contains any nudity or provocative scenes, it is a new stein. No old German beer steins contain nudity or provocative scenes. Also, old German beer steins may have awkward angles on most of the lithopane. This is because the lithopane is hand-painted.

Exterior of the Stein

Examining the exterior of the stein can tell you a lot about the stein. All old German beer steins have hand-painted pictures. Most of these depict historical scenes. Some may have raised edges. If the stein is a Regimental stein, it will contain names of soldiers. However, if any of the names contain a first name, the stein is new. Old regimental German beer steins contain only a rank and a last night.

Handle of the Stein

New German beer steins have a bump in the handle. Old German beer steins don't. However, the absence of this bump isn't a guarantee of an old beer stein. Somewhere between 10 to 20 percent of new steins don't have the bump.

Tags: German beer, German beer steins, beer steins, beer steins, steins have, beer steins have

Erase A Hidden Hard Drive Partition

Erase a Hidden Hard Drive Partition

Most companies reserve an area on the primary hard drive to store a recovery utility program and/or diagnostic tools. This reserved area is in the form of a hidden partition. When looking at a hard drive by normal means, the user may not see this hidden partition. In some cases, a drive letter is not even assigned to the hidden partition. In fact, these hidden partitions cannot be deleted by normal means, either. The Diskpart command-line utility allows a user to remove these hidden partitions.

Instructions

1. Click on the "Start" menu.

2. Type "Diskpart" in the command prompt. You must have administrator access to do this.

3. Type "List disk" at the Diskpart command prompt. This will show the user all of the available hard drives.

4. Choose the hard disk with the partition you want to change. Typically this will be the primary hard drive, which is represented as Disk 0.

5. Select "Disk 0" if Disk 0 is the hard drive needing to be altered. The message "Disk 0 is now the selected disk" will appear and take the user back to the Diskpart command prompt.

6. Type "List partition." This command will display all of the partitions on the hard drive selected.

7. Type "Select partition 2." Select partition is the command and the number 2 is the partition needing to be deleted. The number 2 in this case is an example. The user must decide which partition is to be deleted, but it is typically partition 2. The user best choose wisely when making this decision. Deleting the partition will delete any and all data that is stored on that partition.

8. Type "Delete partition override." This command is overriding the safeguards that prevent a user from deleting partitions. Again, deleting the partition deletes all data on that partition. If the OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) has stored the recovery program utility on the partition, there may be no way to properly restore the computer to the manufacturer's defaults.

Tags: hard drive, command prompt, Diskpart command, Diskpart command prompt, hidden partition, data that

Cat C15 Engine Specifications

The C15 is a heavy-duty diesel engine manufactured by Caterpillar. It is intended for fleet and line haul use. Caterpillar has won the J.D. Power and Associates award for "Highest in Customer Satisfaction with Vocational Heavy Duty Diesel Engines" six times. According to Caterpillar, no other engine manufacturer has received this award once.

Specifications

The Caterpillar C15 is an in-line, six-cylinder diesel engine. The bore by stroke ratio is 5.4 inches by 6.75 inches, or 137 mm by 171 mm. The displacement is 15.2 liters, or 928 cubic inches. The power rating when used in a truck or bus is 435 to 625 horsepower at 2,100 rpm; RV and fire truck ratings are 600 to 625 horsepower at 2,100 rpm. The total torque output is 1,550 to 2,050 foot-pounds at 1,200 rpm. Total weight of the engine is 3,090 pounds.

Equipment

The C15 features the Caterpillar Air Management, Precision Combustion, Advanced Electronics and Effective Aftertreatment -- ACERT -- technology, which improves fuel economy, reduces emissions and ensures power performance. ACERT consists of a clean-induction technology, a variable-valve actuation turbocharger, an electronic control module and a diesel-particulate filter. The engine also features the ADEM A4 electronics system, which has three times the memory and five times the processing speed of the ADEM 2000. The engine sports a single-piece steel-piston four-bolt connecting rod and a high-efficiency water pump to provide reliability and durability.

Features

According to Caterpillar, "laboratory tests and engine disassembly analyses indicate the Cat C15 engines are expected to have a B50 life of one million miles with Cat's recommended maintenance." The C15 was built to be compliant with the 2007 Environmental Protection Agency's diesel emissions regulations. A compressor brake is available on the C15, and it is designed to allow for a simple after-purchase modification to increase horsepower.

Weight and Gearing Considerations

When equal to or less than a gross combination weight -- GCW -- of 80,000 pounds, a truck with 1,750 foot-pounds should have an axle ratio of 1,400 rpm at 65 mph. When over 90,000 pounds GCW, a truck should be geared at 1,500 to 1,650 rpm at cruise speed.

Tags: According Caterpillar, diesel engine, pounds truck

Ford F150 Transmission Problems

Ford F-150 pickup trucks have a well-deserved reputation of rugged dependability, especially with its towing capacity exceeding 10,500 lbs. But with that reputation comes the desire of F-150 owners to test the limits of the truck's capabilities, which puts a strain on the transmission. The primary enemy of transmission failure is heat, lack of regular maintenance and inappropriate towing. Major transmission failure before 60,000 miles is usually due to a lack of performed scheduled maintenance.

Background

Late generation transmissions for the Ford F-150 are the 6R80E 6-speed automatic and the Automatic OverDrive electronic 4R70W and 4R75E 4-speed transmissions. The AOD-E allows the engine to drop 1000 rpm at highway speeds for more fuel-efficient cruising than the standard 3-speed automatics. The 4R70W can generate up to 506-lb.-feet of torque.

Shift Points

A common practice among truck owners engaged in heavy work is to make modifications to suit their needs. Although changing differential ratios may increase torque for greater towing capacity, the vehicle's computer needs to be reprogrammed. Changing the differential ratio, for example, from 3.08:1 to 4.1:1 may cause the transmission to change to high gear late and back to low gear too early, according to 2carpros.com. The problem lies with the shift points controlled by the vehicle's computer. The shift points must be reprogrammed to match the new differential ratio.

OD Warning Light

Warning lights have a tendency to err on the side of caution and also may not even signal trouble with the transmission itself. The Overdrive light on Ford F-150s may occasionally flicker. A computer code read-out at a Ford dealer may reveal excessive transmission fluid temperature. More often than not, however, the culprit is a $40 faulty sensor instead of a $1,200 tear-down of the transmission, according to fordforums.com.

1997 Models

The AOD transmissions in the 1997 F-150 models have been known to leak transmission fluid in to the transfer case, causing shifting problems. Off-roaders are also advised on the 1997 models that the transmission mode switch may short out if water gets into the transfer case, making it impossible to change gears.

1989-2003 Models

The 1989 to 2003 F-150s also have been known to have transmission fluid leak into the transfer case. In addition, the torque converter dust plug can fall out, requiring a sealant to keep it in place.

Shot Torque converter

Incorrect use of towing can cause significant damage to the automatic transmission. Rocking the F-150 back and forth by quickly shifting from reserve to forward multiple times to gain traction causes enormous stress on the torque converter. Such abuse may result in the owner hearing a loud "bang" followed by the truck not moving forward. If an internal examination reveals metal splinters, the torque converter needs to be replaced.

Erratic shifting

Early 1990s F-150s equipped with automatic transmissions have been known to shift erratically or shift abruptly into gear. This is often caused by a faulty lever position sensor or low fluid level.

Tags: been known, have been, have been known, transfer case, transmission fluid, differential ratio, Ford F-150

Fix A Dead Sata Hard Drive

Fix a Dead SATA Hard Drive

If your SATA hard drive fails, you may face massive data loss. SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment) hard drive failure occurs when the hard drive has melted internal components or stuck heads due to physical abuse or old age. Without a proper backup, you must get the drive working long enough to recover the data. Fixing a dead SATA hard drive is no different than fixing any other type of hard drive.

Instructions

Check the Cables

1. Remove the screws from the computer case and lift (or slide) it from the chassis.

2. Check the cable connection between the hard drive and the motherboard, and push the cable in if it is loose.

3. Look for any breaks or tears in the cable, and replace it if you see any. Purchase SATA cables at any local computer store.

Replace the Drive's Circuit Board

4. Swap out the hard drive's circuit board (PCB) if the drive is unreadable and is also not making any abnormal noises. You can purchase an exact model hard drive from eBay, a third-party vendor or from the manufacturer, and use the new drive's circuit board to replace the one on the failed drive.

5. Unscrew the casing screws on the circuit board side and remove the case. Remove any visible screws from the circuit board.

6. Remove the circuit board carefully, making sure to disconnect any ribbons or cables. Place the new circuit board into the drive, reconnecting everything, and replace the screws and drive case.

Release the Stuck Heads by Freezing the Drive

7. Turn off the computer, put the drive into a zip-top bag and place it in the freezer. Use this technique if the drive is making abnormal clicking noises. The idea is to release stuck heads that read the drive data.

8. Take the drive out of the freezer after two hours and connect it to the computer, leaving it in the zip-top bag to avoid condensation. This may require you to set the drive down inside the computer case. Turn the computer on and attempt to read the drive data. If the data can be read, copy it to another drive immediately before the drive heads become stuck again.

9. Turn off the computer, disconnect the drive and shake it if the data still cannot be read. Hold the drive in your hand and shake it with long, fluid motions (not like shaking a soda can). Reconnect the drive, turn on your computer and try reading the drive again.

Tags: hard drive, circuit board, Turn computer, computer case, drive circuit

Draw A Motorcycle Helmet

Draw a Motorcycle Helmet

Motorcycle helmets can be wonders of science and aerodynamics. For those reasons, they may seem a little intimidating to draw at first. However, unless you are drawing a design for a helmet that you hope to produce, these are probably not major factors for you. Drawing a motorcycle helmet can therefore be quite simple, once you have figured out what type of helmet you would like to draw. Choose from one of the three main types: dome, 3/4 or full-face.

Instructions

1. Find an image of a helmet that you would like to replicate onto paper. Begin drawing the overall outline of the helmet. All three types of helmets are rounded around the crown of the head. It is only from there that they begin to differ. If you are drawing a helmet with an open visor, do not draw the outline of the visor just yet. Leave an open space where the visor will go and draw around it instead. If you draw one long connecting outline between the shell and an open visor, the completed project will look less realistic than if you had drawn them as two separate pieces.

2. Begin to add details. If your helmet has aerodynamic venting or blades along the top or sides, draw those. Make sure to observe each separate piece that went into making the helmet that you are drawing. If an aerodynamic vent looks like a single piece within the larger structure, draw it as such. If you are drawing a dome helmet, this rendering will be much easier as you will not have aerodynamics or visors to worry about. Full-face and 3/4 helmets will require a bit more work. If you are drawing a dome-type helmet, proceed to Step 4. If you are drawing a full-face or 3/4 helmet, proceed to Step 3.

3. Draw the visor. If you are drawing a tinted or smoked visor, it may actually be easier than if you are drawing a clear one. It is more difficult to get something that is clear and shiny in real life, such as a visor, to look right when you draw it on paper. Begin by drawing the bottom and top curves of the visor, then working on where they meet and attach to the helmet.

4. Draw the straps and D-rings (if your helmet has them). Perspective on these should be fairly easy since most of the helmet has already been drawn. Use crosshatch patterns with your pencil to replicate the weave of the straps. Do this holding your pencil to one side or the other, not straight up and down. This will allow the lines to look more fluid and sketchy, and will add to the realism of the finished piece.

5. Shade in the darkest parts of the helmet and visor. Hold your pencil so that the lead part is on its side. It may feel awkward at first, but begin rubbing it back and forth over the area that you want to shade. With some control, you can create some very nice-looking shadows this way. You may want to practice this technique on a scrap piece of paper before moving it to your work in progress.

6. Outline and/or color in your finished product with a black pen, colored pencils or markers. You may want to just leave the finished project as-is, however. Sometimes a skillfully rendered black and white pencil sketch is more effective artistically than one that is colored in.

Tags: helmet that, your pencil, Begin drawing, Draw Motorcycle, Draw Motorcycle Helmet

Steel Vs Aluminum Flywheel

Steel Vs. Aluminum Flywheel

The flywheel is a key component of an automobile's clutch system. It is responsible for storing the energy that ultimately determines how much power your vehicle will have available. The flywheel has two purposes. The first is to transfer energy from the engine, through the clutch, and into the transmission. This, in turn, provides power to the wheels. The second purpose is to act as a weight that prevents the crank shaft from accelerating or slowing down too quickly. Choosing the appropriate parts is essential to optimizing the performance of your engine.

Steel Flywheels

The flywheel gathers energy as it spins, thereby generating and storing more power. Steel flywheels are generally capable of storing more energy than aluminum and are therefore preferable when large amounts of power are needed to drive the motor. A steel flywheel will provide the vehicle with the power it needs without causing excessive strain on the engine.

Aluminum Flywheels

Because an aluminum flywheel is lighter than a steel one, it requires less inertia to start moving. Although this requires more RPMs, the engine will allow the car to accelerate through the gears much faster. Also, lighter parts mean a lighter vehicle. A lighter vehicle is capable of travelling much faster and is thus ideal for racing.

Horsepower

Many racing enthusiasts measure a car's performance in terms of horsepower. It is therefore important to note that a flywheel's capacity is measured in torque, not horsepower. Horsepower is a unit of measuring power invented by James Watts. It is based on the observation that a horse, when utilized for manual labor, can lift material at a rate of 550 foot-pounds per second over a period of approximately eight hours. Horsepower is how quickly torque can be applied over a given distance.

Torque

Torque is a unit of measure for the amount of force it takes to twist or turn. It is typically measured in pound-feet or Newton-meters. Torque is a force that causes on object to rotate (though it can also be applied to non-circular force).

Misconceptions

There is a lot of debate over how exactly a flywheel works and choose the most appropriate one to suit your individual needs. Anyone attempting to do research into which to purchase needs to do their own research to determine which kind is best. There are many public forums online devoted to the subject and almost all of them are full of car enthusiasts who do not agree on physics or performance value of flywheels. They are, therefore, not typically a good source for professional and reliable information.

Tags: Aluminum Flywheel, lighter vehicle, much faster, Steel Aluminum, Steel Aluminum Flywheel, storing more

Fluoride Levels In The Water In Edmond Oklahoma

The amount of fluoride in drinking water varies from city to city.

Edmond, Okla., obtains its water from two primary sources: the Garber-Wellington Aquifer and Arcadia Lake. The city purchases more drinking water from Oklahoma City. Edmond's water supply contains some naturally occurring fluoride. Edmond, like all municipalities, has the option of adding fluoride to its water supply.

Listing

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention contains a listing of every municipal water system in the United States. That listing contains information about the amount of fluoride in the water. The results are published on the CDC's website. Edmond's results can be found under "Edmond PWA."

CDC Levels

The CDC lists Edmond as having a level of fluoride of 0.2 milligrams per liter. The fluoride is naturally occurring in the water supply. Edmond does not add fluoride to its water. That level of fluoride is not sufficient to meet the CDC's optimal level for the prevention of cavities. By comparison, water in Oklahoma City has a level of 0.8 milligrams per liter, the optimal level to prevent cavities. An example of a water system exceeding the optimal level is Panhandle State University, a small school system. Its level is 1.92 milligrams per liter, all from natural sources.

Water Quality Report

Every water system issues a water quality report titled "Consumer Confidence Report." Edmond issued a report in 2011 that provides information on the levels of fluoride in the water. Edmond's water quality report indicates between 0.14 and 0.41 parts per million of fluoride. It cites as sources the erosion of natural deposits, fertilizer runoff, aluminum factories and "water additive" --- which refers to the fact that Oklahoma City adds fluoride to its water.

Benefits of Fluoride

Prevention of new cavities and tooth decay is the benefit of appropriate fluoride levels in water. Bottled water normally does not contain fluoride. Citizens of Edmond obtain some benefits from the natural fluoride, but not the full benefits of having fluoride added to the water supply according to Dr. Krista M. Jones, a dentist in Edmond. That results from the levels in Edmond being 25 percent of the optimal levels.

New Fluoride Standards

In January 2011, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the Environmental Protection Agency announced new fluoride standards for drinking water based upon current scientific findings. The new standard is 0.7 milligrams per liter. Implementation of the change will take place during 2011. The basis for the action relates to the availability of fluoride from other sources like toothpaste, mouthwash and applications by dentists. The new rule also balances the benefits of fluoride with potential health risks.

Risks of Fluoride

Excessive levels of fluoride for children under 8 causes dental fluoris, a staining of the teeth. Osteosarcoma, a rare form of cancer in children and teenagers, with 400 cases yearly in the United States, has been linked in some studies to fluoride, especially in boys, but the evidence is not conclusive, according to a review by the American Cancer Society. An possible additional risk is bone fractures in adults.

Tags: fluoride water, milligrams liter, water supply, drinking water, Oklahoma City, optimal level

Harley Davidson Engine Information

Harley-Davidson has remained the premier motorcycle manufacturer, combining romance with advanced technology. Recognizing that its strength is in its retro styling and reliable engines, Harley has retained the throaty, muscular power in its motorcycles with enough road vibration to keep purists happy. At the same time, Harley understands the sensibilities and comfort requirements of the modern rider. From the economical 883cc Sportster to the 1800cc Twin Cam, Harley engines address all markets.

Harley-Davidson features many different engine types.

Twin Cam 88

The 2006 FXDLI Dyna Low Rider is powered by an air-cooled Twin Cam 88 engine with an electronic sequential port fuel injection system and mated with a six-speed transmission. Displacing 1450cc with a 3.75-inch bore and 4-inch stroke, it generates 85 pound-feet of torque to earn up to 50 mpg.

Evolution V-Twin

The 2006 XL 1200L Sportster is equipped with an air-cooled carbureted 1200cc Evolution engine with a 3.5-inch bore and 3.81-inch stoke for a 9.7:1 compression ratio to generate 79 pound-feet of torque when coupled with a five-speed transmission.

1800cc Twin Cam 110

The fuel-injected 1800cc Twin Cam 110 is featured in the 2007 Harley FLHRSE3 Screamin' Eagle Road King and is coupled with a six-speed Cruise Drive transmission. The engine features a 4.0-inch bore and 4.38-inch stroke generating 115 pound-feet of torque and achieving up to 53 mpg.

883cc V-Twin

The 2008 Harley Sportster 883 features a fuel-injected 883cc V-Twin with self-adjusting lifters and two valves per cylinder with a 3.0-inch bore and 3.81-inch stroke to develop an 8.9:1 compression ratio. Coupled with a five-speed transmission, the Sportster 883 can provide 55 pound-feet with a maximum mpg of 60.

Twin Cam 103

The air-cooled fuel-injected Twin Cam 103 powers the 2008 Harley Police FLHTP Electra Glide with a 3.88-inch bore and 4.38-inch stroke and is matched with a six-speed Cruise Drive transmission for a maximum 46 mpg.

Twin Cam 96B

The air-cooled Twin Cam 96B drivetrain drives the 2009 Harley FLSTF Fat Boy with mid-range torque that relaxes the speed of the engine while cruising at high speeds. With a 1584cc displacement and 3.75-inch bore and 4.38-inch stroke and a matched six-speed Cruise Drive transmission, the Twin Cam 96B develops 89 pound-feet of torque and up to 54 mpg.

Revolution 60-degree V-Twin

The 2010 Night Rod Special VRSCDX is equipped with the liquid-cooled fuel-injected 1250cc Revolution 60-degree V-Twin. Its dimensions include a 4.13-inch bore and 2.84-inch stroke for a compression ratio of 11.5:1 and matched with a five-speed transmission. It generates 85 pound-feet of toque for and overall 42 mpg.

Tags: pound-feet torque, 1800cc Twin, 38-inch stroke, bore 38-inch, bore 38-inch stroke, compression ratio

Florida Fort Walton Beach Activities For Children

Fort Walton Beach is located on the upper panhandle of Florida, on the coast of the Gulf of Mexico. People from all over come to Fort Walton Beach to take advantage of the scenic beaches and relaxing atmosphere. However, vacationing families as well as locals look for activities for their children aside from the beach. Fort Walton Beach offers a variety of alternatives for children of all ages.

Arts and Design Society

The Arts and Design Society of Fort Walton Beach, Florida is located on the southeastern side, two blocks from the beach. The Arts and Design Society is non-profit and prides itself on featuring local artists as well as offering a variety of classes to amateur artist. There are numerous art classes offered to any age group including children. Clay classes, for example, are for children ages 7 to 14 and teach the basic techniques of clay building. There are also several children's art groups that meet throughout the month that experiment with photography and life drawing. Classes start at $60 a month but range depending on the class type.

Arts and Design Society

17 1st Street Southeast

Fort Walton Bch, FL 32548-5868

850-244-1271

artsdesignsociety.com

Gulfarium Marine and Show Aquarium

Just off the coast and into Henderson Beach State Recreation Area is the Gulfarium Marine and Show Aquarium. Gulfarium has been around since 1955 and since then has offered entertainment and education for the entire family. Visitors can interact with the dolphins by petting, feeding and helping them perform tricks. The aquariums are home to dozens of different sea animals and a variety of different coral. Children of all ages can plan their birthday party or special event in one of Golfarium's private party rooms. The Gulfarium even offers education summer classes for children that want to find out more about underwater life.

Gulfarium Aquarium

1010 Miracle Strip Parkway Southeast

Fort Walton Bch, FL 32548-6204

850-243-9046

gulfarium.com

Air Force Armament Museum

The Air Force Armament Museum is just three miles outside of Fort Walton Beach and on the grounds of the Eglin Air Force Base. The Air Force Armament Museum features a wide variety of aircrafts from most of the American wars including World War I and II, Vietnam as well as modern planes used today. The grounds also feature a collection of guns, bombs, missiles as well as a video explaining the history or Eglin Air Force Base. The museum is open Monday through Saturday and is no charge.

Air Force Armament Museum

100 Museum Drive

Eglin Afb, FL 32542-1405

850-651-1808

afarmamentmuseum.com‎

Tags: Fort Walton, Fort Walton Beach, Walton Beach, Armament Museum, Arts Design

Get The Baffle Out Of A Vance & Hines Muffler

Except for a few racing products, all Vance & Hines mufflers come with removable and replaceable baffles -- the instructions that come with most Vance & Hines exhaust systems include an advertisement for their "Quiet Baffles." A single Allen head screw on the bottom of the mufflers holds the baffle tube in place. Although Vance & Hines warns installers to "align heat shield openings so baffle screws are accessible," the screw is often hidden under the heat shields.

Instructions

1. Unscrew the worm clamp that holds the rear heat shield over the muffler with a flathead screwdriver. Slip the heat shield off the back of the exhaust.

2. Unbolt the four hex head bolts that hold the mufflers to the exhaust mounting bracket with a open end wrench.

3. Loosen the end tip screw, the screw closest to the header pipe on the bottom of the muffler, with an Allen wrench.

4. Spray penetrating oil on the muffler-header pipe joint. Wait 2 or 3 minutes, then slap the muffler with your open hand.

5. Pull the muffler off the header pipe. Loosen the baffle screw, the remaining screw on the bottom of the muffler, with an Allen wrench.

6. Pull the baffle tube out of the muffler.

Tags: muffler with, Vance Hines, heat shield, Allen wrench, baffle tube, bottom muffler

Change The Oil In A 2005 Harleydavidson Electra Glide

Motor oil is one of the most important operating components of a motorcycle.

Harley-Davidson motorcycles run on high-performance engines that require regular maintenance. The most important part of this maintenance is oil changes. Motor oil in your Harley Electra Glide provides lubrication for internal motor components as well as internal cooling, but over time becomes contaminated with metal flaking, oxidation and other particulates. This causes the oil to perform less well at lubricating and cooling, thus giving your bike's motor a harder time. Changing the oil in your Harley-Davidson Electra Glide requires a few simple tools and 25 to 35 minutes of time.

Instructions

1. Start your Harley and go for a five-to-ten minute ride. If this is not possible, simply let the bike idle for five to ten minutes. This will allow the oil in the motorcycle to heat up and thin.

2. Pull your Harley-Davidson onto an oil change stand and lift the bike. Be sure the bike is extremely stable and supported.

3. Loosen the oil overflow bolt on the clutch side of the motorcycle using a 10 mm socket wrench. This will stop the vacuum effect in the oil reservoir and allow the oil to flow freely out of your motorcycle.

4. Slide an oil catch pan under the motorcycle and remove the oil drain bolt at the base of the clutch assembly using a 10 mm socket wrench.. Allow all the oil to drain out of the motorcycle.

5. Locate the oil filter cover next to the oil drain bolt. The cover is a circular piece of metal with a mounting bolt directly in the middle. Remove the mounting bolt using a 10 mm socket wrench.

6. Pull the old oil filter out of its housing and replace it with a new filter. Replace the oil filter cover and re-tighten the mounting bolt.

7. Replace the oil drain bolt.

8. Open the oil filler cap on the clutch side of the motorcycle and add four quarts of motor oil.

9. Replace the oil filler cap and tighten down the oil overflow bolt.

Tags: drain bolt, Electra Glide, mounting bolt, socket wrench, using socket, using socket wrench

Chrome Aluminum Rims

Chrome plating gives rims their characteristic bluish tint and protects the copper and nickel undercoat.

The thickness of chrome plating on aluminum rims, also known as decorative chrome plating, is extremely thin, measured in millionths of an inch. This shallow plating is what provides the shininess, smoothness and resistance to corrosion many car and motorcycle enthusiasts value for their rims. Chrome plating is a combination of several processes, involving copper, nickel and chrome plating. It is the copper and nickel plating that provide chrome rims their smoothness, brilliance, resistance to corrosion and reflectivity. The chrome plating protects the nickel undercoat and gives the rims their characteristic bluish tint.

Instructions

1. Clean your aluminum rims with an aluminum polish and a vapor degreaser to eliminate all impurities before you start plating.

2. Immerse the aluminum rims in a bowl of sodium hydroxide. This will corrode the surface of the aluminum rims to prime them for plating.

3. Immerse the corroded aluminum in a bowl of etching solution to further roughen the aluminum. Rinse your rims with water.

4. Place the aluminum rims in a bath of charged sulfuric acid. This treatment is called electrolysis. The bath has charging plates attached to a battery, causing the sulfuric acid to fall out of solution and react with the aluminum.

5. Dip your rims in a bowl of liquid copper. Dip your rims in a bowl of liquid nickel and rinse again with water.

6. Dip your nickel-plated aluminum rims in a bowl of charged chromium anhydride, a solution of liquid chrome and an electrolytic salt. The charging plates in the bath will cause the chromium metal to fall out of solution and attach itself to the nickel plating.

7. Remove the rims from the charged chrome bath and rinse with water.

Tags: chrome plating, rims bowl, aluminum rims, aluminum rims, copper nickel, rims their, with water

Convert A Vehicle To Natural Gas

Convert a vehicle to natural gas to save on gas costs and do you part to help the environment. Natural gas burns cleaner, which means less harmful emissions. Most natural gas vehicles use compressed natural gas (CNG), which can be refueled at home or at special filling stations, but cars can also be converted to use liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or propane.

Instructions

1. Analyze your car to decide whether it really is worth converting to alternative fuel. You can expect the cost of converting a single gasoline car to natural gas to be high. Because you're shelling out so much money, you want the car to last a decent length of time. You may actually save money by purchasing a new car that already runs on natural gas.

2. Consult a gas conversion specialist to convert your existing vehicle to natural gas. He should be able to tell you whether your car can be converted properly and will perform the work. You will also be given a cost estimate at that point.

3. Determine whether your car can handle the added weight of the CNG canisters. The entire conversion can add 200 to 500 lbs., depending on the size and number of tanks.

4. Follow all EPA standards when converting your car. Make sure your model of vehicle has been approved for conversion with a certificate of conformity.

5. Install a dual fuel system if you want to convert your car without any major modifications. This allows the car to run on diesel if needed with just a flip of the switch on the dashboard.

6. Consider where and how you will refuel your car. You should invest in a home refueling device for convenience, which may require special permits to install. Otherwise, find a nearby station that caters to the public.

7. Buy a conversion kit. The kit includes everything you need to turn a diesel engine into a natural gas vehicle. CNG and LPG kits are not readily available in every area, so you may need to work with a mechanic.

8. Keep your eye on the future. Natural gas vehicles and stations are paving the way for hydrogen technology. You may want to convert your car so that it runs on both CNG and hydrogen or a combination of the two.

Tags: convert your, want convert, want convert your, whether your

Facts On Batteries

Batteries may have been around 2,000 years ago.

Batteries power the family car, the television remote and your laptop or cell phone. The world would be a very different place without them. But most likely the majority of people don't know a lot about batteries outside of knowing the right size to buy when a battery needs to be replaced.

Origin

According to the Envirogadget website, the first battery was created by Alessandro Volta in 1798. His name is the source of the term "volt," which is used to describe the amount of energy a battery can provide. Physicist Gaston Plante invented a rechargeable lead-acid battery in France in 1859. His basic design is still used today in car batteries.

How They Work

Dry cell or alkaline batteries are the standard type used in most objects. These batteries use an electrochemical reaction to convert energy to electrical power. The housing of the battery contains cathodes made of manganese dioxide and carbon that are reduced by the reaction to make energy. Electrolytes inside the battery allow the ions to move around and carry the current from the negative to the positive terminal. A collector pin made of brass conducts the electrical current to the outside of the battery to complete the circuit in the device being powered.

Rechargeable batteries work using the same chemistry, but the recharging process reverses the reaction and moves the ions back into place using electricity. Once the chemicals are all used up the battery is no longer useful. Even rechargeable batteries eventually die.

Bad Memory

Some batteries suffer from memory loss --- in a way. It is a problem specific to nickel-cadmium, or NiCad, batteries such as the ones often found in remote control toys. These batteries virtually "forget" how much energy they can supply if they are recharged at the wrong time. To get the full benefit of a NiCad battery, recharge it only when it is completely drained. If only half of the power is used and it is charged again, it will only be able to produce the half it used before charging, according to the Envirogadget website.

Big Demand

According to the Environmental Protection Agency, Americans have a big appetite for batteries. Nearly 2 billion dry cell batteries are bought each year to power various products. In addition, nearly 99 million car batteries are manufactured each year in the country.

Waste and Recycling

Battery recycling is important because the spent batteries contain heavy metals like mercury and lead that may contaminate the ground, water or air if improperly disposed of or incinerated. The average person discards eight dry cell batteries per year, according to the EPA website. There is considerable success in recycling some batteries, such as car batteries, which have a 90 percent recycling rate.

Tags: batteries such, cell batteries, each year, Envirogadget website, These batteries

Facts About Pioneer Girls Clothing For Ages Six & Seven

Facts About Pioneer Girls Clothing for Ages Six & Seven

The clothing that pioneer men, women and children wore in 1800s America reflected the hard work that was required on a daily basis at that time. While the style of clothing for pioneer children differed somewhat from their adult family members, the purpose--comfort, ease of movement and durability--remained the same.

Undergarments

Young girls wore underclothes similar to their mothers'; the underclothes were made of white cotton or linen. Underclothes included a chemise or shift, knee-length drawers and wool stockings in white or black.

Dresses

Most pioneer girls would only own about two or three dresses; for most families, money and supplies were dear. One or two dresses would be reserved for play, work or school; one would be saved for Sundays and other special occasions. These dresses were typically made from cotton or muslin. For young girls around 6 years of age, the skirt would fall to just below the knee.

Aprons

Most girls would wear aprons while working or doing household tasks. The aprons were often in a "pinafore" style, which was an apron that covered the dress from the chest area down over the skirt. Aprons were essential because they were easier to mend and clean, and this prolonged the life of girls' dresses.

Bonnets

For young pioneer girls, head-coverings were essential when working or playing outdoors. Girls and women usually wore cotton bonnets to protect their heads and necks from the sun and wind.

Shoes

Children commonly went barefoot in the summer. A child might only own one pair of shoes because they could be costly for families. Women and girls wore narrow, lace-up leather boots. Young girls' boots were commonly flat, particularly the boots for hard-working pioneer children.

Tags: About Pioneer, About Pioneer Girls, Ages Seven, because they, Clothing Ages, Clothing Ages Seven

Instructions For Replacing A Harley Road King Starter

If your Harley-Davidson Road King starter is problematic and has failed to pass the starter draw test, you must remove it, inspect it for faults, clean it and then reassemble it. Check the Harley owner's manual for inspection instructions and to find out whether you can repair the starter or need to buy a new one. If you have performed Harley repairs in the past and have the right tools, you can likely accomplish the removal and installation yourself.

Instructions

Starter Removal

1. Remove the negative battery cable from the battery terminal before beginning any other work.

2. Locate the starter front mounting screw on the right side of the Road King, and remove it with a Phillips screwdriver. Remove the starter rear mounting screw and washer.

3. Locate the Keps nut, and remove it from the stud of the bracket tab with a socket wrench.

4. Remove the exhaust support bracket.

5. Pull on the rubber boot for access to the hex nut. Remove it from the battery post using a 5/8-inch hex wrench. Remove the main power cable ring terminals and the positive battery cable.

6. Locate the starter solenoid at the front of the starter, and remove it.

7. Locate the oil filler cap, at the top of the transmission case on the right side of the motorcycle, and rotate it counterclockwise to remove it. Place a clean rag on top of the fill spout to keep out dirt and debris.

8. Slide the starter carefully from the motorcycle through the space between the rear exhaust header pipe and the side cover. Do not lose the two ring dowels installed in the primary chain case flange; you must install them for the next step.

Starter Installation

9. Lightly oil the O-ring on the starter and bore of the primary chain case using chain case lubricant.

10. Slide the starter carefully in through the space between the rear exhaust header pipe and the side cover. Move the starter into its installed position, with the starter solenoid connector at the front.

11. Remove the cloth from the fill spout, and install the oil filler cap/dipstick.

12. Locate the slot on the exhaust support bracket, and install it onto the stud of the bracket tab. Align the holes with the holes in the starter flange. Begin rotating the Keps nut on the stud.

13. Install the starter front mounting screw and washer while engaging the hole in the exhaust support bracket. Install the starter rear mounting screw.

14. Tighten the starter front and rear mounting screws.

15. Tighten the Keps nut on the stud of the bracket tab.

16. Reinstall the battery positive cable ring terminal onto the battery post. Install and tighten the hex nut.

17.Pull on the rubber boot to cover the terminal connections.

18. Reinstall the starter solenoid connector at the front of the starter.

19. Reinstall the negative battery cable to the battery terminal.

Tags: mounting screw, battery cable, chain case, exhaust support, exhaust support bracket, rear mounting, Road King

Facts About Harley Davidson Motorcycles

Harley Davidson motorcycles were first built in 1903.

The Harley-Davidson brand name is synonymous with American-made motorcycles. Since the Indian Motorcycle Company went out of business in 1954, Harley-Davidson has had no domestic competition. The refined styling engendered by the competition with Indian set the pattern for a classic look that is often imitated by foreign motorcycle manufacturers.

Historical Facts

The Harley-Davidson Motor Company began in 1903 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Initially, the bikes were built in a 10-by-15 foot wooden shed. In 1904, the original Harley-Davidson dealership opened a showroom in Chicago, Illinois. A 1908 Harley motorcycle held the economy record by getting 188.234 miles per gallon. By 1910, Harley-Davidson bikes won seven racing, enduro and hill climb titles to give the machines competitive credentials. Harley-Davidson became the world's largest motorcycle manufacturer in 1920.

Firsts

Harley's first production motorcycle, built in 1903, was a racer. Powered by a single-cylinder engine, it had a 3.125-inch bore and a 3.5-inch stroke. In 1905, Harley-Davidson won its first race on a 15-mile course in Chicago. The well-known "Bar and Shield" emblem introduced in 1910 quickly became the symbol of Harley-Davidson. The first sidecars were offered on the 1914 models. In 1920, winners carrying pigs on their victory laps generated the nickname "hogs" still in use today.

V-Twin Engine

The first Harley-Davidson V-Twin engines introduced in 1909, two years after Indian began producing a similar engine. The first Harley V-Twin displaced 49.5 cubic inches, or 1,000 cubic centimeters and produced seven horsepower. The big V-Twin engine's 45-degree opposed cylinders gave it a distinctive look that became an iconic American symbol. The "F-Head" engine was introduced in 1911 and remained in production until it was replaced by the 45 cubic-inch "Flat-head" in 1929. The first 74-cubic inch V-Twin engine was built in 1922.

Service Bikes

The first Harley-Davidson police duty bike sold to the Detroit, Michigan Police Department in 1908. As of 2011, the Police, Fire and Rescue Division of Harley offers three different models to police and fire departments. In 1917, about a third of all Harleys sold to the Armed Forces for military use. Starting in 1941, all civilian bike production ceased until November of 1945. By then, Harley-Davidson built almost 60,000 bikes for the Armed Forces.

Tags: Armed Forces, built 1903, first Harley-Davidson, Harley Davidson, Harley-Davidson first

Get Past Mirrors In "Castlevania"

To get past the mirrors in Castlevania you will need to earn the Paranoia soul. To do this you must revisit the Demon Guest House, this time heading down a secret passage and past three red walls to a boss room. Once you have defeated the Paranoia boss you will earn his soul and the ability to travel through the mirror obstacles.

Instructions

1. Equip Axe Armor, Killer Clown and Ukoback soul before heading to the Demon Guest House on your map.

2. Enter the Demon Guest House and head to the left, dodging or eliminating enemies along the way and exiting into a room with a green switch at the bottom.

3. Stand on the switch to reveal a hidden staircase. Head down the staircase and enter the passage in the middle, right end of the room with the dancers in it. Eliminate the Mimic enemy before returning to the room with the dancers.

4. Enter the passage in the upper right of the room this time to find yourself in a room full of enemies. Eliminate them all before returning to the dancer room again.

5. Head to the upper left of the dancer room, eliminating the Flame Demon and entering the passage to the left of it. Slay the Iron Golem before returning to the dancer room yet again.

6. Enter the passage just below the one that lead to the Iron Golem room. Use your Axe Armor, Killer Clown and Ukoback souls to deactivate the three red walls standing in your path. Enter the boss door at the end of the room.

7. Defeat the Paranoia boss by hitting it with Killer Clowns when it emerges from the mirrors. Avoid the lasers then repeat the process to complete phase one of the boss battle.

8. Enter the room to the left to initiate the second phase. Simply avoid the Paranoia boss' attacks and counter with your Killer Clowns as you did in the first phase. Once you have defeated the boss you will earn the Paranoia soul which will allow you to pass through the mirrors throughout the game.

Tags: before returning, dancer room, Demon Guest, Demon Guest House, Guest House, Paranoia boss

Remove A Battery From A Harley

The battery in a Harley motorcycle is located under the seat.

What could energize or relax you more than cruising down the road on your Harley Davidson motorcycle on a nice day? But if you have a dead battery, you won't be going anywhere until you remove the old battery and replace it with a new one. Instead of popping the hood as you would in a car, you need to remove the motorcycle's seat. That task will take you the most time to accomplish.

Instructions

1. Remove the screw that fastens the seat to the top of the rear fender with a Phillips screwdriver. Put the screw in a safe place because you will need it again later.

2. Locate the bolts on the underside of the seat on the lower left and right sides of the seat. These bolts secure the seat to the motorcycle. Put these two bolts with the screw so as not to lose them.

3. Grasp the seat with both hands and slide it toward the tail light of the bike. As you slide the seat backwards, lift it off the motorcycle's frame. The seats may be removed differently on some models, so refer to the service manual of your particular Harley motorcycle for proper seat removal.

4. Examine the top of the battery and find the black cable, which is the negative battery cable and the red cable, known as the positive cable.

5. Remove the negative battery cable. Loosen the terminal bolt bolt with a wrench. Lift the cable up and away from the battery.

6. Repeat Step 5 with the red (positive) cable.

7. Disconnect the battery strap if your motorcycle has one. Remove the old battery and replace with a new one.

Tags: battery cable, battery replace, battery replace with, Harley motorcycle, negative battery, negative battery cable

Drive Across Country

See the country by road.

Driving across the country is an American rite of passage, and can be an incredible experience. It is essential, however, that you make the necessary preparations to allow for a safe and worry-free trip. There is no substitute for seeing the country mile-by-mile with your own eyes, and taking in the Midwest's farms, the Mississippi River or the state parks in the Northwest. These are sights that no plane ride or photograph can do justice to.

Instructions

1. Have your car fully serviced and checked before you leave for your trip. Schedule the appointment at least a week before you leave so that you have time to get any necessary repairs done. Make sure you have an oil change and that you fill up washer and other fluids.

2. Obtain or renew a roadside assistance membership. Since unexpected accidents or breakdowns are always possible, it is essential that you be prepared. Additionally, these memberships, such as AAA, often give you discounts on lodging.

3. Use the atlas to research the best roadways before you leave. Choose the route that best suits your travel interests and needs. Highlight the route on each state map.

4. Call your relatives and friends who live along your planned route to ask if you might stay with them on certain dates. Write their name, the date you will stay with them, their address and their phone number in your notebook. Once you are on the road, call them the day before you will arrive to confirm your stay.

5. Consult your guidebook for places to stay along your route before you leave on your trip. Circle the ones that look best, and call them ahead of time to see if they have vacancy. Reserve at least a few of the hotels or campsites before you leave for your trip so that you have a few definite destinations. Reserve your other lodging as you go, but call at least a day in advance to book.

6. Determine how much ground you want to cover each day, but be sure to allot time for sight-seeing and visiting with friends or family. Committing to a certain number of driving hours per day can help regularize your trip.

Tags: before leave, your trip, before leave your, leave your, leave your trip

Have A Moving Wallpaper

Moving wallpaper, also known as animated wallpaper, is wallpaper that features animation, moving figures and features. Moving wallpaper is similar to moving screen savers, but moving wallpaper is always on your computer screen since it serves as your wallpaper. Different methods exist for you to have a moving wallpaper.

Instructions

1. Download a moving wallpaper from a website that offers free moving wallpaper downloads (See Resources for websites). Simply browse through the moving wallpapers until you find the one that you like, click on the download link or button and select your computer’s screen resolution (usually 800 by 600 or 1024 by 768). Then click on "Start," "My Computer," "Control Panel," "Display Properties," and then the "Desktop" tab. Locate your moving wallpaper within the background section and apply it.

2. Install Vital Desktop Software on your computer, which is a program that sets up your Windows screen savers as your computer’s desktop, so if you want to use one of your computer’s screen savers as your moving wallpaper, you can. Simply download Vital Desktop (See References for download location) and run the installation wizard to install it on your computer. Open VDconfig.exe and then click on the screen saver within the "Screen Saver" tab of the "Display Properties" window that you want to serve as your moving wallpaper to apply it as such.

3. Download a moving wallpaper maker to your computer. With a moving wallpaper maker, you can animate any picture or image that you have on your computer by simply selecting the type of animation that you want and then clicking on your image to position the animation where you want it to appear. These types of downloads often require a fee of at least $20, although you can sometimes acquire a freeware one (See Resources for moving wallpaper generators).

Tags: moving wallpaper, your computer, screen savers, your computer’s, your moving, your moving wallpaper

Erson Camshaft Specs

Erson Cams was a brand sold by the Mr. Gasket company, and this brand specialized in cams and camshafts for different vehicles, including Pontiac and Chevrolet. As of 2010, Mr. Gasket is no longer selling camshafts under this brand, but you can still purchase these cams from third party vendors, including online vendors. A cam is a rotating component that changes linear motion into rotary motion and vice versa, and it is attached to the camshaft. The model of camshaft that you need depends on your vehicle.

E310121

This camshaft is for Pontiac, and it features a HFT lifter. This camshaft has a revolutions per minute (RPM) range of between 1,200 and 4,500 RPMs. It has an advanced intake duration and advanced exhaust duration of 292 degrees each. The internal lift of the 1.5 rockers is 0.449 inches, and the external lift of these rockers is 0.449 inches. The external lift of the 1.65 rockers is 0.494 inches, and the internal lift is 0.494. The internal and external duration at 0.05 inches is 214 degrees, and the lobe separation angle is 110 degrees.

E17001

The E17001 camshaft is for six cylinder, 292 CID Chevrolet truck engines, and it has a RPM range of 1,000 to 4,000 RPM. The internal duration is 274 degrees, and the external duration is 280 degrees. It features a gross lift of 0.478 inches internally and 0.490 inches externally. The duration at 0.05 inches is 202 degrees internally and 208 degrees externally. The lope separation angle is 110 degrees.

E310994

This is another type of Pontiac camshaft, and it features a SR lifter. It has an internal duration at 0.05 inches of 284 degrees, and an external duration at 0.05 inches of 288 degrees. The advanced intake duration is 314 degrees, and the advanced exhaust duration is 318 degrees. The internal lift of 1.65 rockers is 0.783 inches, and the external lift of the 1.65 rockers is 0.8. The external lift of the 1.5 rockers is 0.712 inches, and the internal lift of these rockers is 0.727. The lobe separation angle is 108 degrees.

E190126

This Chevrolet camshaft is for 200 through 229 CID engines made between 1978 and 1984. It offers you between 1,500 and 4,500 RPMs, and it has a lobe separation angle of 110 degrees. The internal duration is 274 degrees, and the external duration is 280 degrees. The duration at 0.05 inches is 208 degrees internally and 214 degrees externally. It has a gross lift of 0.420 inches internally and 0.429 inches externally.

Tags: duration degrees, duration inches, duration inches degrees, inches degrees, lift rockers

Test A Spark Plug Wire On A Car

You can test your spark plus wires simply at home.

Whether you just want to be sure that the new carbon spark plug wires you purchased are up to par and that the resistance is correct or whether you want to test your current wires for resistance, you can perform a simple test to do so. Proper resistance in a spark plug wire is critical to providing optimum current so your car engine runs at its maximum ability, saving you fuel.

Instructions

1. Remove only one wire at a time. If it is a used wire, start by wiping down the wire with WD-40, since your visual inspection will be easier with a clean wire. Be sure the metal clips within the boots at each end of the wire are clean, corrosion free and in good condition.

2. Prepare your tester and set up on the OHM test section on the meter at 20,000, or 20k.

3. Measure the length of the wire, since the length is a factor you must know to determine test results. To test, hold the positive, or red, probe into one end, being sure to have contact with the metal clip in the boot and the negative, or black, probe into the other end.

4. Watch the readings. The readings may jump around at first but should stabilize after a few moments. A shorter wire with a length of 12 inches may test out between 6.00 to 7.00 ohms and a longer wire of 30 inches may measure out between 9.00 and 11.00. A 24-inch wire may come in between 7.50 and 9.00 ohms. All of the above readings would put you in a normal range. Any reading of less than 6.00, regardless of the length, would represent low resistance, and that wire should be replaced.

5. Install the wires if your readings are satisfactory. Apply a small amount of dielectric grease on the inner portion of the metal clips within the boot to help ensure the boot will not get stuck to the plug and to prevent arcing.

6. Install your wire back to the plug and location on the distributor cap from which it came and be sure that the wire is secure at both ends. Tug on it a bit after installation to be sure you have a proper fit. If you have a problem securing a connection, work it with needle-nose pliers to reshape the metal clips within the boots for a more secure fit.

Tags: clips within, metal clips, metal clips within, between ohms, clips within boots, probe into

Hotels In Menomonee Falls Wi

Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin is a suburb about 15 miles northwest of Milwaukee. This town of about 30,000 people is named for a waterfall that is in the area's Old Falls Historical Park. The park features historic buildings dating from the mid-1800s, as well as hiking and biking trails and a scenic river walking trail. While there are no hotels in Menomonee Falls proper, there are several within a mile of town.

Holiday Inn Express Germantown

The Holiday Inn Express Germantown is one and a half miles north of Menomonee Falls, just off I-41/45. The hotel is adjacent to the Rivers Bend Golf Club, which is a nine-hole course, with club and cart rentals available.

The hotel has 74 rooms and suites, most of which are nonsmoking. Each guest receives a complimentary newspaper and breakfast; in-room video games and Internet access are available for an additional fee. The on-site fitness center has cardio equipment, an indoor pool and a whirlpool. The property does not have any restaurants, but there are several within a short drive, including the Uno Chicago Grill and Applebee's.

Super 8 Germantown/Milwaukee

The Super 8 in Germantown is also one and a half miles north of Menomonee Falls. The hotel features free continental breakfast and complimentary high-speed wireless Internet access. All rooms are nonsmoking. Pets are allowed in the rooms for an additional fee. The hotel features a game room and a heated indoor pool and whirlpool. While this Super 8 has no restaurant, the Country Kitchen is directly across the street from the property, and a Cracker Barrel is a short walk away. Additionally, the hotel is located within a five minute drive from a shopping center with a Target, Starbucks and Panera Bread.

Hilton Garden Inn Milwaukee Park Place

This hotel is approximately four miles south of Menomonee Falls in the outskirts of Milwaukee. This smoke-free hotel 184 rooms and suites, each with a king bed or two double beds, and a sleeper sofa. In addition, each room has wireless Internet access. The hotel has a fully-equipped fitness room and an indoor pool and whirlpool. Allgauer's in the Park Restaurant & Bar is the on-site restaurant, and serves breakfast, lunch, dinner and room service. Additionally, the Pavilion Pantry in the lobby has pre-packaged meals for purchase.

The hotel is located within a five minute drive of National Louis University and the Ministry Health Care Hospital. It is a 10-minute drive from the North Hills Country Club, which has an 18-hole course and has been open since 1930.

Tags: Menomonee Falls, indoor pool, indoor pool whirlpool, Internet access, pool whirlpool, Club which, drive from

Aim A Directv Dish For Hd

Aiming your DirecTV dish antenna for your HD (high-definition) broadcast programming is an integral part of the satellite dish installation process. Luckily, there are no extra steps to aiming your dish for HD channels than there are for SD (standard-definition) channels, because the DirecTV satellite handles both programming formats simultaneously. Once you aim the dish at the DirecTV satellite appropriately, you will be able to receive those HD channels.

Instructions

1. Loosen the adjustment nuts on the Azimuth measurement and Elevation measurement rulers on the main antenna assembly.

2. Go to the DirecTV Dish Pointer web page.

3. Enter your zip code into the "Find Elevation/Azimuth" entry box; then click "Check." The Web page will return the proper coordinates for you to adjust your dish antenna.

4. Move the antenna assembly up or down to adjust the Elevation measurement ruler to match the coordinate from the Web page; then move the assembly left or right to adjust the Azimuth measurement ruler to match the coordinate from the Web page.

5. Tighten the adjustment nuts on both measurement rulers to hold the DirecTV dish assembly in place at those coordinates.

Tags: adjustment nuts, antenna assembly, Azimuth measurement, coordinate from, coordinate from page, DirecTV satellite

Tow A Harley Electra Glide

The best way to tow a large motorcycle like a Harley-Davidson Electra Glide is on a trailer. Because the Electra Glide is 98.6-inches long, if you do decide to tow it in the back of a truck bed, you need a bed at least 9 feet in length. Trailers have built-in tie down points for securing ratchet straps. This makes securing the motorcycle a much easier task.

Instructions

1. Place a wheel chuck designed for motorcycles in the front of the trailer and centered over the trailer's tongue. Place the wheel chuck about 6 inches away from the front edge of the trailer.

2. Ride or push the Electra Glide up onto the trailer and position the front wheel in the wheel chuck. Place the kickstand down. At this point you can get off the motorcycle or have a second complete the tie-down while you stay on the motorcycle.

3. Secure a safety strap to each side of the handlebars where the bars secure to the motorcycle forks and secure a safety strap to each side of the rear frame where swing arm attaches. Not all ratchet straps come with safety straps. If your straps do not have safety straps, loop the nylon strap over each of these locations.

4. Secure one hook on your ratchet strap on the front left safety strap and then secure the other end of the strap to the tie-down hook in the front left corner of the trailer. If you so not have safety straps, loop the strap around the handlebar and connect the hook into the same tie-down hook. Repeat this on all four corners of the motorcycle.

5. Tighten the ratchet straps by pulling on the ratcheting mechanism. Alternate between the front left and front right ratchet straps to keep the motorcycle in a vertical position. The front of the motorcycle will lower.

6. Repeat the tightening process with the right and left rear straps. Again, alternate to keep the motorcycle in a vertical position. The rear of the motorcycle will lower.

7. Double check the front straps for tightness and make any adjustments.

8. Stop and double check all four straps every 30 to 50 miles.

Tags: Electra Glide, ratchet straps, front left, safety strap, safety straps, wheel chuck

Sportster 883 Specifications

The Harley-Davidson Sportster 883 has a V-twin engine.

The Harley-Davidson 883 Sportster model follows in a long line of Sportsters manufactured by the American company since 1957. The 883 is a motorcycle with classic 1950s style but the power of modern bikes. The Sportster 883 gives riders precise handling, a comfortable, smooth ride, great mileage and the pride of owning a Harley.

Engine

The Harley Davidson Sportster 883 has a V Twin Evolution engine with two cylinders. The bike has a 3.3-gallon fuel tank, takes regular gas and gets 57 mpg on the highway and 48 mpg in the city. The Sportster 883 has a 5-speed manual transmission.

Suspension, Wheels & Tires

The Sportster has a front telescopic fork suspension combined with a rear twin-sided swing arm suspension. The rear axle is one-inch in diameter and the Sportster 883 comes from the factory with aluminum wheels and Dunlop tires.

Styling

Featuring a low-rise handlebar, single leather seat and a steel frame, the Sportster 833 has a classic look that includes a distinctive 'peanut' shaped fuel tank, staggered dual exhaust pipes and an oval air-cleaner cover. Color options include sierra red pearl, brilliant silver pearl, vivid black and chopper blue pearl.

Electrical

The Sportster 883 comes with an optional security system. Instruments include an electronic speedometer, resettable tripmeter, diagnostic readout and odometer. Engine diagnostic and oil pressure indicator lights alert the rider when the bike needs servicing.

Lighting

The headlight on the Harley Davidson Sportster 883 has a clear lens and reflector-optics. Protecting the headlight is a Bar & Shield cloisonn with the Harley-Davidson logo as decorative metalwork.

Tags: Davidson Sportster, fuel tank, Harley Davidson, Harley Davidson Sportster, Harley-Davidson Sportster, Sportster comes